日本政府方案推行每周4天工作制有人欢欣有人忧

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日本政府方案推行每周4天作业制，让职工自行挑选每周歇息三天仍是两天，便利职工照料家庭，改进作业和日子之间的平衡。对此专家们纷繁表达了自己的忧虑。

[Photo/Pexels]

Japan's government plans to encourage firms to let their employees choose to work four days a week instead of five, aiming to improve the balance between work and life for people who have family care responsibilities or need more time off to acquire new skills.

日本政府方案鼓舞企业让职工挑选每周作业四天，目的是为那些有家庭护理职责或需求更多业余时刻来学习新技能的人改进作业和日子之间的平衡。

The government included the promotion of an optional four-day workweek in its annual economic policy guideline finalized Friday by Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga's cabinet.

日本政府在上周五（6月18日）由辅弼菅义伟的内阁敲定的年度经济方针指导方针中将推行挑选性的每周四天作业制包含在内。

Experts are divided, however, on whether the new initiative, intended to address challenges posed by the country's labor shortage, will be widely accepted, with labor and management both voicing concerns about possible unwanted outcomes.

尽管这项新行动意在处理日本面对的劳作力缺少应战，可是劳资双方均对该行动或许导致的结果表明忧虑，因而，专家对该行动能否被广泛承受也存在不合。

For employers, while people working four days a week may become more motivated, this may not improve their productivity enough to compensate for the lost workday. Employees, meanwhile, fear pay cuts.

关于雇主来说，尽管每周作业四天会让职工更有动力，但由此进步的出产力或许不足以补偿失掉的作业日。与此同时，职工也忧虑降薪。

Among expected advantages are helping people with family-care responsibilities avoid the need to quit their jobs, promotion of recurrent education, and helping more people take on side jobs, the government said.

日本政府指出，预期优点包含让有家庭护理职责的人能够免于辞去职务，促进职工再教育，也能够协助更多的人从事兼职。

The coronavirus pandemic has helped the idea of a four-day workweek gain traction as the health crisis causes people to spend more time at home.

疫情危机导致人们有更多的时刻待在家里，因而每周四天作业制的主意也越来越受欢迎。

The ruling Liberal Democratic Party said working fewer days is expected to promote "diversified working styles" and prompt workers with new skills to move to growing industries such as IT.

日本执政的自民党表明，削减作业天数有望促进“多样化的作业方法”，并促进有新技能的职工转入信息技术等添加工作。

At a key economic and fiscal policy panel meeting in mid-April where the promotion of a four-day workweek was discussed, Suga said his government would consider expanding support for people willing to enhance their careers through recurrent education without leaving their jobs.

菅义伟在四月中旬的经济和财政方针委员会重要会议上评论推动每周四天作业制时指出，政府将考虑加大对职工承受在职教育的支撑。

Among major economies, Australian, Canadian, Italian and US employees work longer hours than Japanese, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's survey. But Japan's labor market remains rigid, with productivity showing limited improvement as people take fewer holidays compared to other developed countries and labor mobility stays low.

依据经济合作与开展组织的查询，在首要经济体中，澳大利亚、加拿大、意大利和美国雇员的作业时刻都比日本的长。但日本的劳作力商场依然死板，出产功率提高有限，由于与其他发达国家比较，日本人的假日更少，劳作力的流动性保持在较低水平。

[Photo/Pexels]

Internet and e-commerce service giant Yahoo Japan Corp started allowing its employees who need more time off for caregiving to take three days off a week in April 2017.

互联网和电子商务服务巨子yahoo日本公司于2017年4月开端答应需求更多时刻来照料家人的职工每周歇息三天。

"It has been favorably received in general, with some employees saying that it became easier to match their days off with their children's activities," a Yahoo Japan spokesman said.

yahoo日本的一位讲话人称：“此举在整体上得到了好评，一些职工表明，添加的歇息日更便于他们组织亲子活动。”

Meanwhile, Hisashi Yamada, vice chairman of think tank Japan Research Institute, said he does not expect a four-day workweek to rapidly spread in Japan even with the government pushing it because it would complicate personnel management and evaluation.

与此同时，智囊组织日本总合研究所的副所长山田久表明，即便有政府的助推，他以为每周四天作业制也不会在日本敏捷遍及，由于这种作业制会让人事管理和绩效考核变得更杂乱。

"Let's say, if employees take second jobs, it would be difficult for managers to know how long they work in total and to evaluate equally those who take two days off a week and those who take three. From the employees' standpoint, they would not want to see their income from their main jobs decrease," said Yamada, who is well versed in labor economics issues.

深谙劳作经济学问题的山田指出：“打个比如，假如职工打了第二份工，主管将难以了解他们的作业总时长，也无法给一周休两天和一周休三天的职工打相同的绩效分。从职工的态度来看，他们也不乐意看到自己的首要作业收入削减。”

At Yahoo Japan and many other firms offering an option of fewer workdays, extra holidays are unpaid. The Yahoo Japan spokesman said just about 100 of some 7,000 employees at the company had applied for the four-day workweek as of April.

在yahoo日本和许多其他能够挑选更少作业日的公司，额定的假日是无薪的。yahoo日本的讲话人称，到四月份，该公司的7000名职工中只有约100人申请了每周四天的作业制。

Japan Research's Yamada said he believes some small- and medium-sized businesses cannot afford to give such extra days off, and some businesses might try to cut labor costs by applying a four-day workweek even to employees who want to work more days.

日本总合研究所的山田表明，他以为一些中小型企业负担不起这种额定的歇息日，一些企业或许会企图经过全员实施每周四天作业制来削减劳作力本钱，即便某些职工不愿意削减作业天数。

"It will be important for the government to draw up a framework guaranteeing a worker's right to choose whether to take three days off a week," he said.

他说：“政府应拟定一个方针结构，确保职工有权挑选是否每周歇息三天，这一点很重要。”

Takuya Hoshino, an economist at the Dai-ichi Life Research Institute, says simply introducing a four-day workweek may not necessarily encourage employees to use their time off in a way that benefits their careers or contributes to the economy.

榜首生命研究所的经济学家星野卓也称，简略地引进每周四天的作业制纷歧定能鼓舞职工以有利于他们的工作或促进经济的方法来使用额定的歇息时刻。

"It's important for companies to make it clear what they intend in adopting such a system" and provide necessary support to employees to that end, he said.

他指出，“重要的是，公司要清晰他们选用这种准则的目的”，并为此向职工供给必要的支撑。

英文来历：Japan Today

翻译&修改：丹妮

来历：中国日报网

告发/反应